(1964) MiNr. 104 A ** - Burundi - Aerial Stamp - Antelope (Aepyceros melampus)

Impala (Aepyceros melampus): the speed and elegance of the African savannah

Impala (Aepyceros melampus) is a medium-sized antelope inhabiting eastern and southern Africa. It is one of the most abundant and well-known representatives of the African savanna and plays an important role in the ecosystems it inhabits. Its speed, grace and endurance often make it a symbol of adaptation and survival in the wild.

Systematics and Extensions

Impala belongs to the family Bovidae and the genus Aepyceros, which is monotypic - it includes only this single species. The scientific name Aepyceros melampus was first described in 1812 by the German zoologist Martin Hinrich Lichtenstein.

The natural range of the impala extends from Kenya and Tanzania through Zambia and Mozambique to northern South Africa, Botswana and Namibia. It is most commonly seen in sparse forests, open savannahs and near water sources.

Description and dimensions

Impala grow to a height of about 90 cm at the withers and weigh between 40 and 65 kg, with males noticeably larger than females. They have an elegant build, slender legs and smooth reddish-coloured fur. The male's distinctive feature is its spirally curled horns, which can measure up to 90 cm. Females are hornless.

The black-and-white markings on the back of the body and tail are also a typical identifying feature, playing a role in visual communication within the herd.

Breeding and social structure

Impalae are predominantly diurnal (diurnal) and form diverse social structures, ranging from female herds of up to 100 individuals, to territorial males, to bachelor groups of young bulls.

They are known for their exceptional agility and their ability to jump up to 3 meters in height and more than 10 meters in distance. This helps them escape predators such as lions, leopards, cheetahs and wild dogs.

Food

Impala are mixed herbivores - their diet consists of grasses as well as leaves, buds and fruits. This flexibility in their diet allows them to survive even during periods of drought, when they switch from grazing to gnawing.

Ecological importance

Impala is a keystone species for many African ecosystems. Not only does it serve as important prey for large carnivores, but its movement and grazing also influence vegetation structure and seed dispersal.

Conservation and status

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the impala is listed as a Low Concern species. Its population is stable and numbers several hundred thousand individuals. Due to its adaptability and distribution, it is not currently threatened, but locally it may be negatively affected by loss of habitat or overhunting.